Introduction to HTML 7 (Worksheet)
Chapter
– 3
Introduction
to HTML 7
HTML Introduction: -
·
HTML was first developed by Tim Berners
Lee in 1990 but was not released until the next version, which was published as
HTML 2.0 in the year 1995.
·
It is used to create electronic documents (called
pages) that are displayed on the World Wide Web.
·
It is made up of certain tags and
elements, which are used to display the content of the web page.
What is HTML? -
·
HTML stands for Hyper Text Mark Up
Language.
·
HTML is a language for describing web pages.
·
A markup language is a set of markup tags.
·
The tags describe document content.
·
HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain
text.
·
HTML documents are also called web pages.
Tools required to Start HTML: -
Browser: - It
is a software on a computer on your computer that will help us to access and
display web pages.
For Example: - Google Chrome, Firefox, Internet
Explorer etc.
HTML Structure: -
<!DOCTYPE>:
This statement is used to tell the browser the type of
document it is dealing with. Since ours is an HTML document, we will have to
write <!DOCTYPE html> to tell that it is an HTML document.
<head>:
This tag provides the information about the document.
It should always be enclosed in the < and > tag. There can only be one
<head> tag in the entire HTML document and will always be before the
<body> tag.
<body>:
This tag defines the body of the HTML document. It
should always be enclosed in the <html> tag. All the contents which need
to be displayed on the web page like images, text, audio, video, contents,
using elements like <p>, <img>, <audio>, <heading>,
<video>, <div>, etc will always be enclosed by the <body>
tag. Also, there can be only one body element in an HTML document and will always
be after the <head> tag.
HTML Tags/Elements:
·
HTML markup tags are usually called HTML
tags.
·
HTML tags are keywords (tag names)
surrounded by angle brackets.
·
HTML tags are normally come in pairs like
<p> and </p>.
·
The first tag in a pair is the start tag,
the second tag is the end tag.
·
The end tag is written like the start tag,
with the forward slash before the tag name.
·
Start and end tags are also called opening
and closing tags.
·
There are two types of tags: - i.)
Dependent Tags, and ii.) Independent Tags.
·
Dependent tags need to be closed whenever
they are opened. The first tag is called start tag and second tag is called end
tag. The end tag has a forward slash before the tag name.
·
The Independent tags need not be closed.
For Example:- <img>
A Simple HTML Document: -
<!DOCTYPE>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title </title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first Paragraph</p>
</body>
</html>
HTML Attributes: -
·
Both dependent tags and independent tags
can have attributes.
·
They provide additional information about
the tags.
·
They are always specified in start tag and
not in end tag.
·
They have name/value pairs like name =
“value”.
HTML Headers: -
There are six headers in HTML, h1 to h6.
<h1> headings should be used for main headings,
followed by <h2> headings, then the less important <h3>, and so on.
We cannot use header tags to make text big or bold.
For Example: -
<h1>Heading1</h1>
<h2>Heading2</h2>
<h3>Heading3</h3>
<h4>Heading4</h4>
<h5>Heading5</h5>
<h6>Heading6</h6>
HTML Paragraphs: -
HTML Paragraphs are defined with the </p> tag.
For Example: -
<p>This
is a paragraph</p>
<p>This
is another paragraph</p>
HTML Line Breaker: -
·
Use the <br> tag if you want a line
break (a new line) without starting a new paragraph.
·
The <br> element is an empty HTML
element. It has no end tag.
For Example: -
<p>This is <br>a
para<br>graph with line breaks</p>
HTML Comments: -
·
Comments can be inserted into the HTML
code to make it more readable and understandable. Comments are ignored by the
browser and are not displayed.
·
You can add comments to your HTML source
by using the following syntax.
For Example: -
<!
—Write your comments here-->
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